Weather in Amman: A Comprehensive Guide for Visitors and Locals

Understanding Amman's Climate

Geographic Influence on Amman's Climate

Amman, the capital of Jordan, is a city of striking contrasts, influenced significantly by its geographic location. Situated on a hilly terrain at an elevation of approximately 850 meters (2,790 feet) above sea level, Amman experiences a semi-arid climate, a common characteristic of the Eastern Mediterranean region. This elevation results in cooler temperatures compared to other areas in the Middle East, offering a more temperate climate. The city's proximity to the Arabian Desert to the east and the Jordan Valley to the west contributes to its variable weather patterns, creating a unique blend of climatic influences. The Mediterranean Sea, though not directly adjacent, also plays a role in the modest rainfall and seasonal weather changes experienced in the city.

Seasonal Overview

Understanding the seasonal patterns of Amman is crucial for both visitors and locals to make the most of what the city offers year-round. Here’s a detailed seasonal overview:

• Winter (December to February): Winters in Amman are relatively cold, with temperatures often dropping to as low as 4°C (39°F) at night. During the daytime, the temperatures range between 8°C to 15°C (46°F to 59°F). Rainfall is more frequent, contributing to the overall annual average of 300 mm (11.8 inches). Occasionally, the city experiences snowfall, transforming Amman into a picturesque winter landscape, especially in the hilly areas, though snow is not heavy enough to disrupt daily life significantly.

• Spring (March to May): Spring is one of the most pleasant seasons in Amman, with temperatures gradually rising from the coolness of winter. March sees temperatures averaging between 10°C and 20°C (50°F to 68°F), which can rise to between 15°C and 25°C (59°F to 77°F) by May. The city becomes vibrant with blooming flowers, and the occasional rainfall keeps the surroundings lush. It’s a popular time for outdoor activities as the weather is mild and comfortable.

• Summer (June to August): Summers in Amman are generally hot and dry, with temperatures frequently exceeding 30°C (86°F) and occasionally reaching 40°C (104°F) during heatwaves. However, the low humidity and cool evenings provide some relief, especially compared to the more humid regions of the Middle East. The clear skies and extended daylight hours make it an excellent time for evening and nighttime activities.

• Autumn (September to November): Autumn in Amman is characterized by a gradual cooling of temperatures from the summer highs. September can still feel quite warm, with temperatures around 28°C (82°F), but by November, they drop to more comfortable levels of 15°C to 20°C (59°F to 68°F). The decrease in temperature is accompanied by an increase in the likelihood of rainfall, especially towards the end of the season. It's a time many locals and visitors enjoy outdoor cultural events and hiking excursions.

Historical Weather Patterns

Amman's weather history reveals patterns shaped by its geographical and climatic context, with data showing more pronounced variations in temperature and precipitation over the decades. The city has generally exhibited a trend of increasing average temperatures, mirroring global climate change trends. Historical records indicate fluctuations in rainfall, with some years experiencing notable dry spells and others seeing unusually high precipitation. This variability necessitates adaptive strategies for agriculture and water management within the region. Additionally, the incidence of rare weather phenomena, such as snowfalls and sandstorms, has shown irregular patterns, capturing the attention of both residents and meteorologists. The historical data provides valuable insights into the city’s climate, helping forecast future weather conditions and plan activities accordingly.